Definition and Explanation of Passivity
– Passivity is an engineering concept in control systems.
– It refers to the property of a system to consume or dissipate energy.
– Passive components in electronics, such as resistors and capacitors, do not generate energy.
– Passive systems do not amplify signals.
– Passivity is important for stability and robustness in control systems.
Active Components in Electronics
– Active components, like transistors and amplifiers, can generate energy.
– They are capable of amplifying signals.
– Active components require a power source to operate.
– Active systems can be used for signal processing and amplification.
– Active components are commonly used in electronic circuits.
Passive Components in Electronics
– Passive components, such as resistors, capacitors, and inductors, do not generate energy.
– They only store, dissipate, or transfer energy.
– Passive components do not require a power source to operate.
– Passive components are commonly used in filters, oscillators, and power supplies.
– Passive components are essential for circuit design and analysis.
Passivity in Control Systems
– Passivity is a desirable property in control systems.
– Passive control systems can stabilize unstable plants.
– Passivity-based control techniques ensure stability and robustness.
– Passivity is related to the energy dissipation of the system.
– Passivity can be analyzed using mathematical tools and stability theorems.
Further Reading on Passivity
– Khalil’s book ‘Nonlinear Systems’ provides an introductory discussion on passivity in control systems.
– Chua, Desoer, and Kuh’s book ‘Linear and Nonlinear Circuits’ covers passive stability theorems.
– Desoer and Kuh’s book ‘Basic Circuit Theory’ provides a comprehensive introduction to circuit theory.
– Cruz and Van Valkenberg’s book ‘Signals in Linear Circuits’ discusses passivity for multiports.
– Wyatt, Chua, Gannett, Göknar, and Green’s memos on ‘Foundations of Nonlinear Network Theory’ have good discussions on passivity. Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Active_component
This article may be too technical for most readers to understand. (July 2018) |
Passivity is a property of engineering systems, most commonly encountered in analog electronics and control systems. Typically, analog designers use passivity to refer to incrementally passive components and systems, which are incapable of power gain. In contrast, control systems engineers will use passivity to refer to thermodynamically passive ones, which consume, but do not produce, energy. As such, without context or a qualifier, the term passive is ambiguous.
An electronic circuit consisting entirely of passive components is called a passive circuit, and has the same properties as a passive component.
If a component is not passive, then it is an active component.
