Dimensions and Weight
– AA cell measures 49.2–50.5mm in length and 13.5–14.5mm in diameter
– Positive terminal button should be a minimum 1mm high and a maximum 5.5mm in diameter
– Flat negative terminal should be a minimum diameter of 7mm
– 14500 Lithium Batteries can be longer up to 53mm if they feature a protection circuit
– Alkaline AA cells weigh roughly 23g, lithium AA cells around 15g, and rechargeable Ni-MH cells around 31g
Chemistry and Capacity
– Primary zinc–carbon AA batteries have a capacity of 400–900 milliampere hours
– Zinc-chloride AA batteries store around 1,000 to 1,500mAh
– Alkaline AA batteries have a capacity of 1,700mAh to 2,850mAh
– Non-rechargeable lithium iron disulfide batteries are used in devices that draw more current
– Lithium iron disulfide batteries have an open-circuit voltage as high as 1.8 volts
Rechargeable Cells
– Rechargeable AA batteries are available in nickel–cadmium (NiCd), nickel–metal hydride (NiMH), and lithium-ion chemistries
– NiCd and NiMH batteries provide 1.2V, while lithium-ion batteries have a nominal voltage of 3.6–3.7 volts
– NiMH AA batteries have capacities ranging from 600–2,750mAh
– AA-sized lithium-ion cells are coded as 14500 and can supply most of their capacity even under high current drain
– AA-sized lithium-ion cells with circuitry to reduce the voltage to 1.5V are also available
Li-ion Batteries
– Li-ion AA-size batteries contain a rechargeable 3.7V Li-ion cell with an internal buck converter to reduce the output voltage to 1.5V
– Kentli PH5 Li-ion batteries have a capacity of 1,700mAh at 1.5V and a low self-discharge rate of 3% per month
– Some Li-ion AA batteries advertise their capacity in milliwatt-hours (mWh) instead of milliampere-hours (mAh)
– By 2023, several brands of 1.5V Li-ion rechargeable batteries in both AA and AAA sizes were available
– Li-ion AA batteries may have special chargers or a USB port built into the cell itself
Other Rechargeable Chemistry (NiZn)
– Nickel-zinc (NiZn) rechargeable 1.65V AA cells are available but not widely used
– NiZn batteries require a charging circuit capable of supplying that voltage
– NiZn AA cells have a capacity of 1,500–1,800mAh
– NiZn batteries are not as common as other rechargeable chemistries for AA cells
– Charging NiZn batteries requires specific equipment capable of providing the correct voltage Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AA_battery
The AA battery (or double-A battery) is a standard size single cell cylindrical dry battery. The IEC 60086 system calls the size R6, and ANSI C18 calls it 15. It is named UM-3 by JIS of Japan. Historically, it is known as D14 (hearing aid battery), U12 – later U7 (standard cell), or HP7 (for zinc chloride 'high power' version) in official documentation in the United Kingdom, or a pen cell.
AA batteries are common in portable electronic devices. An AA battery is composed of a single electrochemical cell that may be either a primary battery (disposable) or a rechargeable battery. Several different chemistries are used in their construction. The exact terminal voltage, capacity and practical discharge rates depend on cell chemistry; however, devices designed for AA cells will usually only take 1.2–1.5 V unless specified by the manufacturer.
Introduced in 1907 by The American Ever Ready Company,[third-party source needed] the AA battery size was standardized by the American National Standards Institute (ANSI) in 1947, but it had been in use in flashlights and electrical novelties before formal standardization. ANSI and IEC battery nomenclature gives several designations for cells in this size, depending on cell features and chemistry. Before being called AA batteries, they were commonly called Z batteries, as the ones produced by the Burgess Battery Company were sold as "Number Z" (meant to indicate them being smaller than the "Number 1", which was similar in size to a modern C battery).[citation needed] Due to their popularity in small flashlights, they are often called "penlight batteries".
